PARIS
Early on Sunday morning, powerful computers in a Vienna office building
received seismic data on the earthquake that spawned the devastating
tsunamis across south Asia - information that might have saved lives in
the hours between the quake and the waves hitting the coasts of Sri
Lanka, India and several other countries.
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But the data streaming into the computers of the Comprehensive Nuclear
Test-Ban Treaty Organization served no purpose Sunday.
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The 300 staff are on vacation until Jan. 4. The organization itself is
still nothing more than a nascent group of seismic experts and
bureaucrats who await signature or ratification on the test ban treaty
from 11 more countries before they can officially act.
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The organization uses a vast network of scientific equipment set up to
monitor nuclear explosions, but as fine a measure of nature's force as
devised by the humans who have proven so powerless before it.
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A spokeswoman for the organization, Daniela Rozgonova, said Tuesday
that she hoped the world would now see the wider uses of the seismic
sensors. She said equipment maintained by the Comprehensive Nuclear
Test-Ban Treaty Organization could help scientists better understand
natural disasters.
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"The discussion is not finished yet about how much of the data can be
released," Rozgonova said. "I suppose that events like this might speed
things up."
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Countries like China consider the data collected by the organization as
secretive and have resisted its dissemination.
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More importantly, the United States has still not ratified the
agreement on which the organization is based; India and Pakistan, both
declared nuclear powers, have not even signed it; and North Korea, a
country now suspected of having material for nuclear weapons, is not a
party to the treaty.
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Even if such barriers fell, the Vienna-based group would need to change
substantially before it became an instrument to monitor earthquakes.
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On a very basic level, the organization would have to become a 24-hour
operation with continuous staffing through the Christmas and New Year
vacation period. Analysts would have to speed up their processing of
data, which now takes an average of 24 hours, according to Rozgonova.
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The group's officials have long noted that their organization, which
has an annual budget of $100 million, is sitting on equipment that
could save lives. A document produced by the organization in 2002 lays
out dozens of civilian uses for its monitoring devices - everything
from alerting countries to tsunamis to tracking the creation of
icebergs and underwater volcanoes.
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The Vienna office receives data from 300 monitoring points around the
globe. The organization checks for changes in seismic activity,
underwater disturbances caused by nuclear devices and particulate
matter in the air.
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Phil McFadden, chief scientist of Geoscience Australia, a government
funded organization that monitors earthquakes, said the seismic
information was by far the most useful.
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McFadden said organizations in Australia, Britain and the United States
relied on seismic monitors set up by the Vienna group, but that many
countries were not set up to receive the data.
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On Sunday, Geoscience Australia issued an alert in Australia 33 minutes
after the earthquake struck saying there was a risk of tsunami,
McFadden said, but there was no one to receive the message in affected
countries.
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